Uterine fibroids and ovarian cysts share one characteristic: they are conditions that affect many women worldwide often disrupting their reproductive years. Diagnosis is made more difficult as both problems can share overlapping and painful symptoms. At both our LoneTree and Castle Rock locations, we have the ability to provide the diagnosis and treatment options.
About Fibroids & Ovarian Cysts
Fibroids and ovarian cysts are common structural abnormalities within the female reproductive system, which can disrupt a woman’s fertility and interfere with normal daily life. Lack of treatment can lead to serious health complications. The good news is that both conditions can be treated and managed.
Uterine Fibroids
Fibroids are non-cancerous muscular growths that grow in the walls of the uterus. They can develop as a single nodule ranging in size from 1cm-5cm like a pea or 5cm-10cm comparable to a plum or orange. Large fibroids are 10cm or more and can grow to the size of a grapefruit or watermelon. Fibroids can also form in clusters, ranging in size from 1mm to more than 20cm or 8 inches in diameter. They develop within the uterus walls, inside your uterus’ cavity, or on the outer surface. Specific types of fibroids include:
- Intramural fibroids: These fibroids grow within the muscular wall of your uterus. They are the most common and can cause pressure and bloating.
- Submucosal fibroids: These develop just underneath the uterine lining of the uterine cavity. These can cause heavy prolonged bleeding and affect fertility.
- Subserosal fibroids: These fibroids grow on the outer walls of the uterus.These can grow in size pressing on the bladder or rectum causing pelvic pain.
- Pedunculated fibroids: These fibroids attach themselves to the uterus by stem or stalk much like a mushroom.
Ovarian Cysts
An ovarian cyst is a sac filled with fluids or semisolid components that forms on the inside or outside of one or both ovaries. Most cysts are painless and non-cancerous, as they are a natural result of a woman’s menstrual cycle. Usually, they will resolve on their own after several cycles. Though very common and rarely cause symptoms, cysts can be problematic.
Functional ovarian cysts are the most common and are due to ovulation. They are sometimes called simple cysts.
- Follicular cysts: Every month, an egg grows inside a follicle. If the egg is not released for ovulation a follicular cyst forms and keeps growing.
- Corpus luteum cysts: After the egg leaves a follicle, it leaves behind a remnant that forms the corpus luteum which then produces progesterone to support pregnancy. However, if you don’t become pregnant the corpus luteum normally collapses, but sometimes it fills with fluid instead turning into a cyst.
Cysts Not Related to Menstrual Cycles
- Cystadenomas: These grow from cells that line the outside of the ovary. They can become large and painful.
- Dermoid cysts (teratomas): These cysts contain cells like those found in your hair, teeth or skin. They are generally smooth, rubbery and non cancerous.
- Endometriomas: Also called chocolate cysts, these cysts are a sign of endometriosis when they grow on your ovaries. These cysts can cause pain during sex, back pain, nausea and bloating, and increase the urge to urinate.
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When to Seek Treatment for Fibroids & Ovarian Cysts
After being diagnosed with uterine fibroids or ovarian cysts, it’s important to recognize when you need to see a provider. Below are a few signs that gynecological treatment is needed before it complicates your reproductive and daily health:
- Heavy periods and irregular cycles
- Pelvic pain
- Enlarged abdomen (Fibroid Belly)
- Pain during intercourse
- Pressure to urinate
- Rectum pressure
- One sided sharp pain or lower back
Most fibroids do not cause symptoms depending on their size and location. If symptoms do occur treatment may include medication, surgery, or regular monitoring to ensure they do not interfere with daily life, continue to grow, or cause gradual worsening pain.
Ovarian cysts, however, can sometimes rupture or twist, causing sudden and severe pain that requires prompt medical evaluation.
FAQ
How are fibroids and ovarian cysts diagnosed?
These growths are usually diagnosed through pelvic exams and imaging tests. A transvaginal ultrasound is the most common test used to visualize the uterus and ovaries. Imaging from the ultrasound will help evaluate fibroids, ovaries or other pelvic concerns.
Do fibroids or cysts cause fertility issues?
It depends on the type of fibroid and the type of cyst that is diagnosed that can impact fertility. Recognizing symptoms and then working with your provider is important so that treatment or a referral to a specialist can start.
How are these conditions treated?
Our providers keep track of cysts and fibroids with follow-up appointments and ultrasounds. For persistent cysts or fibroids, hormonal birth control and pain relievers are recommended. In some cases, surgical interventions like a cystectomy or a hysterectomy are necessary.
Find Your Next OBGYN in Lone Tree & Castle Rock, CO
Booking a consultation with a gynecologist to treat your fibroids or ovarian cysts is a way to care for your reproductive health and sexual life. At Lone Tree OBGYN & Midwives, you will find our providers dedicated to evaluating your symptoms and care for your health needs. Schedule your appointment or visit us in Lone Tree & Castle Rock, CO.
About Lone Tree’s Mission
Lone Tree OB/GYN & Midwives is a full-service obstetrics and gynecology office with a team of highly regarded providers recognized throughout the Castle Rock, Colorado, community for their exceptional care.